 
          1355
        
        
          Technical Committee 202 /
        
        
          
            Comité technique 202
          
        
        
          existence or non-existence, and temperature of subgrade of No.
        
        
          6 case went down below 0
        
        
          ℃
        
        
          in non-existence of anti-frost layer.
        
        
          (a) Existence of anti-frost layer
        
        
          (b) Non-existence of anti-frost layer
        
        
          Figure 6. Frost penetration depth of No.4 region
        
        
          
            3.3 Analysis of frost penetration depth for the region with
          
        
        
          
            freezing index 350~450
          
        
        
          ℃
        
        
          
            ·day
          
        
        
          The temperatures at No.7, No.8 and No. 9 regions went down
        
        
          below 0
        
        
          ℃
        
        
          to subbase course and base course regardless of anti-
        
        
          frost payer existence or non-existence.
        
        
          (a) Existence of anti-frost layer
        
        
          (b) Non-existence of anti-frost layer
        
        
          Figure 7. Frost penetration depth of No.9 region
        
        
          
            3.4 Analysis of frost penetration depth according to
          
        
        
          
            regional
          
        
        
          In this study, analysis of temperature distribution along the
        
        
          paved road profile was carried out with the measured the lowest
        
        
          daily temperature. Table 2 describes the frost penetration depth
        
        
          of cutting section with anti-frost layer for three years.
        
        
          Table 2. Estimation results of  frost penetration depth for three years
        
        
          
            Year
          
        
        
          
            Region
          
        
        
          
            2009~2010
          
        
        
          
            (cm)
          
        
        
          
            2010~2011
          
        
        
          
            (cm)
          
        
        
          
            2011~2012
          
        
        
          
            (cm)
          
        
        
          No. 1
        
        
          110
        
        
          More than 110
        
        
          70
        
        
          No. 2
        
        
          120
        
        
          More than 130
        
        
          More than 130
        
        
          No. 3
        
        
          92
        
        
          100
        
        
          100
        
        
          No. 4
        
        
          80
        
        
          80
        
        
          50
        
        
          No. 5
        
        
          55
        
        
          55
        
        
          40
        
        
          No. 6
        
        
          103
        
        
          More than 120
        
        
          120
        
        
          No. 7
        
        
          28
        
        
          50
        
        
          22
        
        
          No. 8
        
        
          60
        
        
          More than 60
        
        
          45
        
        
          No. 9
        
        
          40
        
        
          50
        
        
          10
        
        
          No. 10
        
        
          70
        
        
          50
        
        
          50
        
        
          No. 11
        
        
          40
        
        
          50
        
        
          36
        
        
          No. 12
        
        
          17
        
        
          17
        
        
          17
        
        
          No. 13
        
        
          10
        
        
          18
        
        
          10
        
        
          No. 14
        
        
          18
        
        
          37
        
        
          29
        
        
          No. 15
        
        
          50
        
        
          70
        
        
          52
        
        
          4 COMPARISON OF FROST PENETRATION DEPTH OF
        
        
          FIELD RESULTS WITH EXISTING THEORY
        
        
          The empirical equations developed by the Korea Institute of
        
        
          Construction Technology (KICT) and Japan Road Association
        
        
          (JRA) were used to determine the frost penetration depth. The
        
        
          results of frost penetration depth measured in the field and
        
        
          estimated by the empirical equations are tabulated in Table 3.
        
        
          Generally the frost penetration depths determined by the
        
        
          empirical equations are greater than those of field measurement
        
        
          with the exception of No.1, No.2 and No.3 sites. In particular,
        
        
          the results calculated by the Japan Road Association show no
        
        
          significant differences among the regional category of frost
        
        
          index.