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Wetting‐ Drying Cycles
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6 REFERENCES
Bell, F.G. 1996. "Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils",
Engineering Geology 42, pp. 223–237.
Dermatas, D., Meng, X.G. 2003. "Utilization of fly ash for stabilization/
solidification of heavy metal contaminated soils", Engineering
Geology, pp. 377–394.
Abd El Aziz, 2003. "The Effect of Silica Fume Substitution on the
Characteristics of Ordinery Portland cements Pastes and Mortars",
Civil Engineering Magazine, Vol. 24 No. 2, p. 715-725.
Choobbasti, A.J., Ghodrat, H., Vahdatirad, M.J., Firouzian, S., Barari,
A., Torabi, M., Bagherian A., 2010 "Influence of using rice husk
ash in soil stabilization method with lime", Earth Sci. China, pp.
471–480
Bell, F.G., 1995. "Cement stabilization and clay soils, with examples",
Environmental and Engineering Geoscience, pp.139–151.
Sheng, A.Q., Ma, M., 2001. "Experimental study on stabilization of
subbase of bearing sand silt with low liquid limit", East China
Highway 5, pp.42–46.
Figure 4. The effect of wetting-drying cycles on CBR values of the 28-
day sample stabilized with 3% lime and 2% microsilica
Mohamedzein, Y.E., Al-Rawas, A.A. and Al-Aghbari, M.Y. 2003.
"Assessment of sand– clay mixtures for use in landfill liners",
Proceedings of the International Conference on Geo- environmental
Engineering, Singapore, pp. 211–218.
5 CONCLUSIONS
The influences of lime- microsilica additive on silts and also
wetting-drying cycles on them and its utilization in Karaj
railway subgrade were investigated in this study and following
conclusions were drawn:
Karimi, M., Ghorbani, A., Daghigh, Y., Kia Alhosseini, S., Rabbani, P.,
2011. "Stabilization of silty sand soils with lime and microsilica
admixture in presence of sulfates" Pan- Am CGS Geotechnical
conference.
Lime- microsilica additive played an important role in the
development of the CBR values of the soil. The CBR values
increased in response to adding the stabilizer. The CBR value of
the unstabilized soil was increased from 4.8% to 470.8% by
adding 5% lime and 12% microsilica.
Kalkan E, 2009. "Influence of silica fume on the desiccation cracks of
compacted clayey soils", Applied Clay Science, pp. 296–302.
Kalkan, E., 2011. “Impact of wetting–drying cycles on swelling
behavior of clayey soils modified by silica fume", Applied Clay
Science, pp. 345–352.
Results show lime-microsilica additive increase the samples
dry unit weight and sample's moistures are decreased after
soaking by adding lime-microsilica additive.
Abd El-Aziz, M.A., Abo-Hashema, M.A., El-Shourbagy, M., 2004.
“The Effect of Lime-Silica Fume Stabilizer on Engineering
Properties of Clayey Subgrade", Engineering Conference, Faculty
of Engineering, Mansoura University, Paper No. 96.
It is an important result that samples swellings had a large
reduction by increase of the lime- microsilica additive content.
It is an important result that wetting- drying cycles not only
had no negative effect on CBR values of the sample but also
help to gain the strength of the silt which is stabilized with lime-
silica fume additive due to increasing required moisture for
lime, silica fume and soil reaction.
McKennon, J.T., Hains, N.L., Hoffman, D.C., 1994. "Method for
stabilizing clay bearing soils by addition of silica and lime", Patent
Cooperation Treaty (PCT), International Application Published
Under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), Patent Classification:
C09K 17/00, Publication Number: WO 94/06884.
In conclusion, because of considerable strength of stabilized
silty soil with lime- microsilica additive in comparison of
unstabilized soil, application of lime- microsilica additive is
recommended for subgrade and even base of civil projects.
