1893
Geotechnical protection of engineering infrastructure objects in large cities under
intense anthropogenic impact and long term operation
Sécurité géotechnique d’ouvrages du génie civil sous influence anthropogène intense et
exploitation à long terme
Perminov N.A.
St. Peterburg University of Means of Communication, Russia
Zentsov V.N.
“Lengiproinzhproekt”, Russia
Perminov A.N.
NIPIC Trasspecstroy, Russia
ABSTRACT: This article describes more than 30-year experience of scientific and technical support, design, construction and
reconstruction of water supply and sewage facilities in St. Petersburg, Sochi, etc. It describes the specific defects of long-term
operation of large-size pumping stations and deep-laid tunnels that cause risks and dangers of their use. It gives the results of
geotechnical and design calculations, modeling of underground and tunnel constructions taking into account risk factors determined
by defects that occur during construction and operation, and also taking into account external influences, including dynamic ones. The
report gives a comparative analysis of calculated and industrial experiments, provides activity and implementation experience of
geotechnical support of long-term operation of engineering infrastructure.
RÉSUMÉ : L'article décrit l'expérience de plus 30 ans d’assistance scientifique et technique, en conception, construction et
restauration d’infrastructures de distribution d’eau et d'évacuation des eaux usées à Saint-Pétersbourg, Sotchi, etc. L’article détaille les
défauts typiques des stations de pompage de grandes dimensions et des tunnels profonds, exploités sur le long terme et amenés à des
niveaux de risque et de danger au cours de leur exploitation. On donne les résultats des calculs géotechniques et de conception, en
simulant le fonctionnement des tunnels profonds, compte tenu des facteurs de risque induits par les défauts apparus aux étapes de la
construction et de l’exploitation, ainsi que des influences extérieures, y compris les influences dynamiques. Le rapport présente
l’analyse comparative des expériences théoriques et pratiques, et fournit les mesures à mettre en œuvre pour la sécurité géotechnique
des ouvrages de génie civil exploités à long terme.
KEYWORDS: monitoring, geotechnical analysis, objects of water disposal, deeply lying constructions, tunnels, geoecological safety.
1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE OBJECTS
OF DEEP ENGINEERING INFRASTRUCTURE IN
LARGE CITIES
With long-term operation and intensive development of
engineering infrastructure of megalopolises increase the
requirements to the ecology and efficient usage of land
resources. During engineering development of underground
spaces of such a megalopolis, design of integrated measures
for protection of town-planning environment against negative
anthropogenic impact is of special actuality. Thereupon there
must be introduced special safety requirements for the sewage
and water treatment facilities.
Sewage (transportation) of waste waters is done through
the city sewerage system and tunnel collectors. In the general
drainage system these facilities account for up to 60% in large
cities and up to 70% in difficult hydrogeological conditions
by construction volumes and costs.
Sewerage system objects data for the most typical
Russian cities with the population over 1 million people is
given in table 1.
Table 1. Length of sewerage networks and tunnel collectors in large
cities of Russian Federation.
City
Sewerage networks
length, km
Tunnel collectors
length, km
Moscow
8354
550
St. Petersburg
8245
290
Volgograd
1054
52
Yekaterinburg
1220
230
Novosibirsk
1150
145
Samara
1200
215
Ufa
900
180
By now around 88% of all sewage collectors are made of
ferroconcrete, around 7% - of metal (steel, cast iron), around
3% - of bricks, plastic, ceramics. Tunnel sewage collectors
diameter is from 1.2 to 5.6 m, they are buried from 3 to 60 m
underground. For example, in St. Petersburg all sewage
network is divided into three basins that serve three main
pumping plants up to 70 m deep and up to 66 m in diameter,
with productivity of 1.5 mln m
3
of sewage per day. For such
conditions the main constructive solution for the tunnels are
the ferroconcrete tubings with inner ferroconcrete jackets.
Transportation volumes of waste waters in some sections
of the tunnels reach 20 m
3
per sec, and in case of decrease of
their operational reliability or failure will inevitably lead to a
technospheric catastrophe.
“Lengiproinzhproekt” institute together with the St.
Petersburg State Transportation University has been
providing scientific and engineering maintenance, design,
construction and rehabilitation of St. Petersburg sewerage
system objects for more than 30 years: more than 70 pumping
plants, including those with depth of 45 m, 59 m and 71 m,
and with diameters of 47 m, 59 m and 66 m; more than 15 km
of tunnel sewage collectors with diameters of 1.85, 2.5 and
3.4 m and with depth of 16 m, 24 and 37 m.
Table 2 shows the most typical defects of long-term
operated pumping plants and deep tunnels.
