3199
Technical and Economic Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste
Used in Paving Project
Analyse technique et économique des déchets dans la construction de pavage
Farias A., Fucale S., Gusmão A.
University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
Maia G.
Gusmão Engenheiros Associados, Recife, Brazil
ABSTRACT: In this research, the technical and economic feasibility was analyzed as to the use of wastes originated from the deep
excavation activity (continuous helical piles) and by demolition of old constructions for the application in layers of subgrade, sub-base
and base in paving project. For such, laboratory tests were conducted for the verification of granulometry, real density, limits of
consistence, compaction with intermediate energy, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) with measuring of expansion, which exposed the
quality of the materials and its potentials. A comparative analysis was carried out between recycled material costs and the aggregate
commonly used in paving project, discovering, besides the technical advantage, also the economic advantage of this alternative
material.
RÉSUMÉ: Dans cette étude, nous avons analysé la faisabilité technique et économique de l'utilisation des déchets générés par
l'activité des fondations profondes (type pieux CFA) et la démolition des anciens bâtiments pour une utilisation dans des couches de
renforcement de la couche de forme, couche de fondation et le revêtement de base. Par conséquent, les tests de laboratoire ont été
effectués afin de vérifier la taille des particules, les limites de densité réelles, avec compactage d'énergie intermédiaire, de soutien
Californie Index pour mesurer l'expansion, qui a exposé la qualité des matériaux et de leur potentiel. Toujours en détention une
analyse comparative entre le coût des matériaux recyclés et des agrégats couramment utilisé dans le revêtement, encontando, outre
l'avantage technique, l'avantage de ce matériau alternative économique.
KEYWORDS: Construction and Demolition Waste, Recycling, Paving.
1 INTRODUCTION
The civil construction chain is one of the most important
economic sectors in Brazil, between the years of 2004 and 2010,
this sector grew 42.41%, representing an annual average of
5.18%. In 2011, between January and September, there was an
increment of 3.8% over the same period last year, with the
creation of 309 425 formal jobs during the first ten months of
this year (CBIC, 2011). Moreover, constructive activities still
have great social importance for countries, since they employ,
direct or indirectly, a large percentage of manpower.
However, despite the economic importance, the construction
industry has significant negative impacts to society, such as
large waste generation, since the Construction and Demolition
Waste - CDW, as it is in the city of Recife, capital of the state of
Pernambuco, Brazil, represents 41% of all municipal solid
waste (Gusmão, 2008).
Current Brazilian legislation, through the CONAMA
Resolution 307/2002 predicts the principle of the polluter-payer
for the civil construction sector, in other words, all the CDW is
responsibility of the own sector, involving all the responsibility
for waste management, including the final disposition only in
places duly licensed.
In this scenario, it is essential that construction practices
sustainable principles, with construction technologies that
emphasize prevention, reduction, reuse and recycling of
materials, besides the collection and disposal of waste
committed.
In order to encourage the reuse and recycle of CDW in the
construction itself, there are already technical rules to
standardize and regulate the use of these materials, and one of
them is the 15.116:2004 NBR, which deals with recycled
aggregates from CDW – the use in preparation of concrete with
no structural function and paving projects.
The paper presents a case of construction work to build a
shopping center in Recife, where the waste from excavation
(soil) of continuous helical displacement piles and the recycled
CDW were used in an innovative way in the paving projects of
the worksite itself, obtaining at the end of the construction, a
significant economy of resources and materials.
1.1 Continuous helical displacement pile
The continuous helical displacement piles were introduced in
Recife in the 1990s. At the time the equipment was brought
from the Southeast region, with high mobilization costs. Its
more frequent use in the construction of buildings started in the
city in 2001 and is currently the most widely used type of pile in
the construction of buildings in Recife. In 2010, it is estimated
that the helical piles accounted for about three quarters of the
pile market for buildings in the city (Gusmão, 2011).
The continuous helical piles have some peculiarities that
popularized their use in the urban environment, especially the
fact of not causing vibrations and for having great productivity
compared to other solutions, such as pre-molded, metal and
excavated piles.
However, there is one particular aspect which can be a
limiting factor to its use: the production of excavation waste
(soil). According to CONAMA Resolution 307/2002, the
excavated soil is a CDW, and as such, it should be tracked
throughout the whole building process: separation, storage,
transportation, recycling and final disposal. Current legislation
does not allow the soil to be disposed without any control.
Even in licensed areas, landfills of CDW occupy large areas,
which could have a nobler purpose in the urban environment.
